The Emergence of Monkeypox virus: Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51699/cajmns.v7i1.3060Keywords:
Monkeypox Virus (MPXV), Human Monkeypox (HMPX), Epidemiology, Diagnosis, TherapeuticsAbstract
On 14 August 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a warning about the virus’s potential to propagate globally. The WHO labeled monkeypox a world public health emergency, requiring urgent prevention and treatment and more than 22 million international and local visitors flocking to Iraq annually within one of the largest religious gatherings in the world, which coincided with the announcement by the World Health Organization (WHO) of warnings about the spread of the monkeypox virus. This review aims to provide updated information about monkeypox virus for designing better prevention and treatment. An exhaustive systematic review was carried out using the information available in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases up to August 19, 2024. This public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) determination is the second in two years relating to Mpox. Is a zoonotic, caused by an Orthopoxvirus, Human-to-human transmission can happen through skin-to-skin contact, inhaled droplets, or sexual contact. Mpox was first detected in humans in 1970, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The disease is considered endemic to countries in central and west Africa. In July 2022, the multi-country outbreak of Mpox, more than 57,995 cases had been reported in 103 locations, especially in Europe and the United States. That PHEIC was declared over in May 2023 after there had been a sustained decline in global cases. Monitoring of MPXV prevalence and transmission is necessary. In this thorough analysis, we covered the fundamental traits and modes of transmission of MPXV, as well as the people who are vulnerable to it. We also emphasized the influence of airline travel on the current MPXV outbreaks. We also go into the clinical consequences, MPXV prevention, and clinical viral detection techniques.
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